MINUTES OF THE 1st MEETING OF DIVISION 8: IMAGE TECHNOLOGY
Tuesday 29th September 1998
Baltimore, USA
T Newman Director United States
M Stokes Associate Director United States
M Pointer Associate Director United Kingdom
A full attendance list is appended to these minutes.
D McDowell Associate Director United States
The inaugural meeting of CIE Division 8 was opened by the Director designate, Todd Newman, who welcomed everybody and explained that the meeting was, in a sense, unofficial because the balloting process to establish the new Division is still in progress.
The Director emphasised that the new Division was to be broad-based and would attempt to bridge the gap between industrial needs and technological answers. The Division would be required to establish liaison with many other organisations, both international standardising bodies and industrial consortia.
It was recognised that this was an issue and that the Division would follow the policy established by the CIE Central Bureau, i.e. to follow a policy similar to that established by ISO.
To study procedures and prepare guides and standards for optical, visual and metrological aspects of the communication, processing, and reproduction of images, using all types of analogue and digital imaging devices, storage media and imaging media.
Prof Ikeda raised the point the Terms did not include reference to the original scene. This is important in evaluating the WYSIWYG capabilities of imaging systems. This was not a deliberate omission and will be explained in an accompanying paragraph when the Terms are formally published.
To help describe the potential activities of the Division the Director showed a framework linking together various individual elements.
Communication Processing
® Archival format ® Gamut mapping
® Active format ® Spectral
® Standard colour space ® Required accuracy
® Device profile
® Aesthetic intent
Reproduction Visual
® Device characteristics ® Appearance modelling
® Media specific adjustments ® Colour difference evaluation
® Soft proofing ® Region-based imaging models
® Viewing conditions
Each provisional Technical Committee was introduced.
TC8-01: Colour Appearance Modeling for Colour Management Applications
Chairman: Gary Dispoto
Terms of Reference
To leverage work of TC1-34 in the development and recommendation of a colour appearance model for use in desktop digital colour management. Consideration is to be given to both the colour and vision and engineering and implementation requirements for open colour management systems.
Working Programme
Fall 1998/Winter 1999: Assess initial colour and engineering requirements for a colour appearance model to be used in colour management applications. Requirements will be identified in the areas of computational efficiency, visual phenomena accounted for, and viewing condition inputs
Winter/Spring 1999: Investigate and assess mathematical models which meet colour and engineering requirements. Leverage heavily off the work of TC 1-34, which developed CIECAM97s. Pursue refinements of CIECAM97s that model the colour appearance phenomena that are required, while meeting implementation requirements. Issue short interim progress report, with an emphasis on any interim recommendations that can be made.
Summer/Fall 1999: Development and testing cycle for model.
Winter 2000: Issue final Technical Report.
TC 8-02 Colour difference evaluation in pictorial images
Chairman: Michael Stokes
Terms of Reference
To study, develop and recommend methods to derive colour differences for pictorial images.
Working Programme
Spring 1999: Interim recommendations based on CIE TC1-47 and CIE TC1-34 work and incorporating image specific requirements. This should include recommendations on statistical processing of colour differences, colour reproduction index and methods to implement these recommendations based on both visual and measured data for a variety of colour imaging technologies.
Fall 1999: Develop guidelines to implement these recommendations based on both visual and measured data for a variety of colour imaging technologies. Determine whether there is sufficient data on hand to verify or model a quantitative model of colour differences for pictorial images for an average observer under conditions typical of industrial imaging applications. If not, write guidelines for co-ordinated research and collect data.
Spring 2001: Analyse and derive an industrial colour-difference evaluation method based on a quantitative model of colour-differences for pictorial images for an average observer under conditions typical of industrial imaging applications.
TC 8-03: Gamut Mapping
Chairman: Jan Morovic
Terms of Reference
To recommend a standard solution to the gamut mapping problem, which could be applied to the areas of colour reproduction in general and colour imaging in particular. This solution would consist of (a) a standard way for calculating colour gamuts and (b) a gamut mapping algorithm or a set of gamut mapping algorithms and rules for deciding when each of them is to be used.
Working Programme
December 1998: Review current gamut mapping algorithms and algorithms for calculating gamut boundaries.
May 1999: Provide guidelines for the evaluation of gamut mapping algorithms.
December 1999: Review results of gamut mapping algorithm evaluation done according to guidelines.
March 2000: Recommend a standard gamut mapping algorithm or a small number of algorithms and rules for deciding when each of them is to be used.
TC 8-04: Adaptation Under Mixed Illumination Conditions
Chairman: Naoya Katoh
Terms of Reference
To investigate the state of adaptation of the visual system when comparing soft-copy images on self-luminous displays and hard copy images viewed under various ambient lighting conditions.
Working Programme
Sep.29-Oct.1/1998: New work proposal at CIE/Division 8 meeting
Until End/1998: Gather interested members/organizations and form a new TC
Until End/1999: Survey past relevant works and share a standard method and guideline for cross-examination
Until End/2000: Perform cross-examinations at different laboratories and Publish a CIE Technical Report (or Progress Report)
TC 8-05: Communication of Colour Information
Chairman: Lindsay MacDonald
Terms of Reference
To recommend a minimal set of standard techniques to enable unambiguous and efficient communication of colour information in images. Two fundamental approaches will be addressed:
Recommendations will also be made for a minimal set of standard colour spaces that address a wide range of imaging applications.
Work Programme
July 1999: Survey of the colour spaces used in imaging applications for image encoding and digital colour communication. Survey of all the relevant standards (CIE, ISO, IEC, ASTM, etc).
Dec 1999: Understand the derivation of each colour space, including factors related to materials and processes, and compare the differences between them..
Apr 2000: Select a minimal set of colour spaces consistent with the requirements of the applications.
Dec 2000: Produce recommendations for colour spaces.
An open brain-storming session produced the following topics which are rate High, Medium or Low priority.
Colour management architecture H
Tackle questions where CIE expertise applies H
Terminology M
Image quality for compression M/L
Explain Terms of Reference and include image evaluation H
Relevant perceptual information for images M/H
Colour preferences - preferred reproduction L
Standard viewing position H
Spatio-temporal effects on imaging H
Optimal palette for pseudo-colouring medical images L
Optimum tone reproduction for VDUs M
Spectral modelling M/H
Spatial based uniform colour system e.g. SCIELAB H
Automatic determination of image white point H
Fluorescence effects M
Database of typical spectral reflectance data H
How to define an image
Original scene vs. 2D image M
Virtual reality L
Aesthetics L
Grading of measurement instruments for imaging H
Guidelines for metrology H
Moving Technical Reports to Standards H
Standard images for evaluation H
Archiving of images L
The following organisations were listed for potential liaison.
CIE Division 1:
TC1.27 Specification of colour appearance for reflective media and self-luminous display information
TC1.34 Testing of colour appearance models
TC1.44 Practical daylight sources for colorimetry
TC1.47 Hue and lightness correction to industrial colour difference evaluation
CIE Division 2:
TC 2.42
CIE Division 3:
ISO:
TC 6 Paper and pulp
TC 36 Cinematography
TC 38 Textiles
TC 42 Photography
TC 130 Graphic arts
TC 159 Ergonomics
TC 171 Document image architecture
JTC1:
SC24 Computer graphics and image processing
SC28 Office equipment
SC29 Coding of information
ITUR SG11 Broadcast television
ITU SC? Colour facsimile
JTAG2
IEC:
TC100 PT61966 Multimedia
SC47C Displays
SC39 Cathode ray tubes
Liaison - Industrial consortia
ICC International Colour Consortium
ASTM American Society for Testing Materials
ITSMB (ANSI) Image Technology Standards Management Board
VESA Video Electronics Standards Association
EBU European Broadcasting Union
SMPTE Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
JEIDA Japanese Electronic Instrument Development Association
JMBA Japanese Business Machine Association
PIMA
EIAJ Electronic Industries Association of Japan
CGATS Committee for Graphic Arts Technologies Standards
CEMA Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association
EIA Electronic Industries Association
IFRA INCA-FIEJ Research Association
ATSC Advanced Television Standards Committees
Liaison - Academia
RIT, USA
Chiba, Japan
Derby, UK
Aachen, Germany
Helsinki, Finland
Leeds, UK
Chalmers, Sweden
Genoa, Italy
Westminster, UK
Veszprem, Hungary
TU Budapest, Hungary
Simon Fraser, Canada
Tokai, Japan
Stanford, USA
ENST, France
The following reporters were suggested:
Grading of instruments: Yoshni Ohno
VDU metrology: Andrew Hanson, Chair of TC2.34.
IEC TC100: Hiroaki Ikeda
Fluorescence issues: Cal McCamy
Terms of reference will be written later.
The following liaisons were suggested:
CIE Division 1: Mike Pointer Agreed
CIE Division 2:Yoshi Ohno Agreed
CIE Division 3: MIke Pointer Agreed
Michael Stokes agreed to be the Division Secretary. He will therefore cease to be an Associate Director
The Division Officers to review the Terms of Reference of the proposed Technical Committees before forwarding them, together with the names of the Chairmen, to the Central Bureau for voting.
The Division Officers will write Terms of Reference for each of the proposed Reporters before forwarding them, together with the names of the Reporter, to the Central Bureau for voting.
The Division Officers will write a paragraph to accompany the Division Terms of Reference to elaborate the goals of the Division.
The Division Director will set up a web-site and Newsgroup.
An informal meeting will be held in association with the colour imaging meeting in Scottsdale, Arizona, November 1998.
The next formal meeting of the Division will be as part of the next quadrennial meeting of CIE to be held in Warsaw, Poland, June 1999.
Attendace List
Werner Adrian Canada Chair of CIE D1 TC1.19
Monica Billger Sweden
Ellen Carter USA
Olkan Cuvalci USA
Francois Denner South Africa Secretary CIE D1
Osvaldo da Pos Italy National Representative
J S Diamond UK
Gary Dispoto USA Chair of CIE D8 TC8.01
Marjukka Eloholma Finland National Representative CIE D1
Liisa Halonen Finland
Bernhard Hill Germany National Representative CIE D8
Jack Hsia USA President CIE
Eckhard Hubner Germany
Hiroaki Ikeda Japan Chair of IEC TC100
Norbert Johnson USA Associate Director CIE D2
Chair of ASTM E12
Naoya Katoh Japan Chair of CIE D8 TC8.04
Paula Knee UK
Ronnier Luo UK Chair of CIE D1 TC1.52
Marc Mahy Germany
Cal McCamy USA Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.38, TC 1.53
Sharon McFadden Canada
Yasuhisa Nakano Japan Chair of CIE D1 TC ??
Todd Newman USA Director of CIE D8
Jim Nobbs UK
Yoshi Ohno USA Secretary of CIE D2
Naburo Ohta USA
Mike Pointer UK Associate Director CIE D1
Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.49, R 1.15
Associate Director CIE D8
Alan Robertson Canada CIE Vice President
Ken Sagawa Japan Director CIE D1
Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.22, 1.37
Janos Schanda Hungary Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.18, R 1.17
H Schmidt-Clausen Germany Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.51
Michael Stokes USA Chair of D8 TC 8.02
Kazuhiko Takemura Japan
Heinz Terstiege Germany
Pat Trezona UK
Rengin Unver Turkey National Representative
Francois Vienot France Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.36
Klara Wenzel Hungary
Klaus Witt Germany Chair of CIE D1 R 1.04
Hirohisa Yaguchi Japan Chair of CIE D1 TC 1.26